An array is one of the types of TRIK Studio language that stores a set of values ​​(array elements) identified by an index. The numbering of indices in the array starts at 0.

Arrays can be created explicitly using the following expressions (the next lines are equivalent):

a = {1; 2; 3; 4};
a = {1, 2, 3, 4};

Or with explicit indices:

a = {[0] = 1, [10] = 2, [20] = 3};

You can use arrays without creating them. For example, like this:

a[1] = 1;
a[2] = 2;

In this case, "empty spaces" in the array (indices that did not have an explicit assignment) will be filled with default values:

• 0 — for real and integer;

• false — for boolean;

• empty lines for arrays of strings.

Array values ​​can also be used without curly braces if used as the return value. For example, this expression will return an array of numbers 1 and 2:

a = 1;
b = 2;
a, b 

This is implemented in order to interpret the enumerations of values ​​(for example, the ports of motors in the block "Motors forward") as arrays. Therefore, wherever you use a comma-separated value notation, you can use an array.

Besides constants, in TRIK Studio reserved variables are available that store the values ​​of the readings of sensors connected to the corresponding ports.

These values ​​can be assigned to variables and used in mathematical expressions.

Variables have the form

sensor<port name>

For example, sensorA1 for TRIK or sensor1 for Lego NXT.

A complete list of sensor variables is provided in sections for specific platforms:

• TRIK.

• LEGO EV3.

• LEGO NXT.

1. Binary operators.

2. Unary operators.

3. Assignment operator.

4. Return operator.

5. Empty operator.

Binary operators

Unary operators

Assignment operator

It has the following form:

variable1, variable2, …, variableN = expression1, expression2, …, expressionN

In its simplest form variable = expression.

Return operator

It is written as an expression and should be at the end of the statement block.

Empty operator

Written as ;.

Example

A statement block with two assignment operators and a return operator:

a, b = 1, 2; -- assignment operator and empty operator
c = 3; -- assignment operator and empty operator
a + b + c -- return operator

TRIK Studio has only one built-in constant. It can be used in the same way as , but its value cannot be changed.

The language uses spaces, tabs, and line breaks outside of string literals only as separators between tokens — they do not affect the interpretation of expressions.

The language has the following keywords:

• and

• false

• nil

• not

• or

• true​

And the following :

String literals are written in either single or double-quotes. For example,

Integers are written either in decimal, octal, or hexadecimal. Hexadecimal numbers begin with the prefix 0x, octal numbers begin with the prefix 0. For example,

• 3, 345 — decimal number

• 0xff, 0xBEBADA — hexadecimal number

• 07654321 — octal number

Real numbers are written either in conventional or exponential form. For example,

Comments begin with -- and continue to the end of the line. For example,

See the article about the syntax of expressions in the blocks:

In mathematical expressions, you can use the functions available for any platform.

To declare variables and set certain values ​​for them, the “” block is used.

For mathematical expressions — "" block.

Also, mathematical expressions, including those that change the values ​​of variables, can be used almost everywhere where you can specify a value.

All variables in the program are global, i.e. their values ​​can be used in any block in the program.

TRIK Studio language

Examples of expressions

Proportional controller for driving along the line using two light sensors for the TRIK platform:

Unlike , the TRIK Studio language is statically-typed, that is, the type of each expression and each variable must be known at compile time. Moreover, the language does not require (and does not even allow!) to explicitly write the types of variables. It uses automatic type inference for the use of variables.

For example, environment "understands" from the expression a = 1 that type of a is integer.

See the article about the syntax of expressions in blocks: